Formal sector employment increase by 193,618 in 2015

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By Mnaku Mbani
Total number of employees in the formal sector in Tanzania Mainland increased to 2,334,969 in 2015 from 2,141,351 recorded in 2014, this is an increase of 193,618  over a period of one year, which is lower than that recorded in 2013 and 2014 (282,382).
According to the formal Sector employment and earnings survey 2015, Tanzania Mainland published by the National Bureau of Statistics total number of employees in the private sector (1,568,165) is nearly twice that of the public sector (766,803).

Both private and public sectors show an increment in employment between 2014 and 2015 of 135,180 and 58,437 employees respectively.
Furthermore, results indicate that the proportion of regular employees increased to 88.2 percent in 2015 from 83.2 percent in 2014 while the proportion of casual employees decreased to 11.8 percent in 2015 from 16.8 percent in 2014.
Casual employment is naturally precarious and normally associated with unfavorable working conditions. Most policies are being designed to prevent its growth, and hence its decrease evidences the performance of such policies.
According to the survey the proportion of adult regular employees to total regular employees (68.7 percent) is almost twice the proportion of youth regular employees at 31.3 percent.
A similar pattern of employment is observed in private sector with 46.2 percent for adults and 17.1 percent for youth and in public sector with 22.5 percent for adult and 14.2 percent for youth. 
 There is a noticeable gender gap among the regular adult employees with males accounting for 44.4 percent and females 24.3 percent.
Furthermore, the results show that compared to other categories there is a large gender gap in regular adult employees in private sector with 31.5 percent for males and 14.7 percent for females.
This indicates stronger gender preference towards male employees in private sector. 
Among casual employees there is a higher proportion of adult employees (72.2 percent) compared to youth employees (27.8 percent). The results also indicate that private sector had the highest proportion of casual employees (95.8 percent) compared to public sector with 4.2 percent.
Furthermore, it is revealed that adult male employees had the highest proportion in casual employment (46.6 percent) compared to adult females with 25.6 percent. A similar pattern is observed in casual youth employees with 18.6 percent for males and 9.2 percent for females.

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